"Pleiades" -Hellenic Action for Human Rights
A Brief
Report on Living Conditions
Based on information available on
March 29, 2016
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Table
of Contents
1
General
1.1
Introduction
The document contains a brief report on the
living conditions in the refugee camps in Northern Greece .
1.2 Terminology
Term
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Description
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Remarks
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Rub hall
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The term rub hall is used generically to describe a particularly
large, relocatable tent-like structure.
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Also referred to as Rubb hall.
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1.3 References
Ref.
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Document
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Document
location
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[1]
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Practical Guide to the
Systematic Use of Standards & Indicators in UNHCR Operations
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http://www.unhcr.org/40eaa9804.pdf
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[2]
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Letter by Vitsa
Dimitrios, Deputy Minister of Defense, in response to a letter by Nicholas
Kalantzi, Mayor of the
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http://www.atpreveza.gr/index.php/news/koinonia/item/18369-filippiuada-opos-sxisto-diavata-nea-kavala.html
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1.4 Disclaimer
Unless otherwise specified, the document
reports information available on March 29, 2016 .
Due to rapidly changing circumstances, the
absence of official data and inconsistencies identified across a multiplicity
of (unofficial) sources, data accuracy and completeness may not be guaranteed.
However, all information is reported to the best knowledge of the author, given
in good faith, and selected across sources (including onsite witnesses) and
media deemed reliable.
2
Camps in Northern Greece
2.1
General – Safety,
Security, Protection
The following
issues are highlighted as critical,
·
According to a
UNHCR report dated 28th March 2016 , 45,476 people are currently present in Greece mainland, therefore
exceeding by 13,916 the maximum total capacity of 31,560.
·
Given the poor
living conditions in the camps as well as the camps’ overcrowding (or
insufficient framework), makeshift camps/informal settlements are reported in
various rural and non-rural areas.
·
At Piraeus port in Athens , more than
5,000 people have been living at the passengers’ terminal (gate E1) and in
camping tents. Hygienic conditions are poor. Many children and vulnerable
categories (disabled, pregnant women, elderly) require special assistance and
medical care. The presence of smugglers
and human traffickers threatening the safety of both refugees and
volunteers is reported.
·
People are receiving
limited or no assistance and inconsistent advice. Furthermore, they face de
facto impossibility to exert their rights due to a number of factors, among
which: 1) The possibility to submit asylum application directly to UNHCR is
reported possible at the port of Athens only; 2) It is necessary to contact the
European Asylum Support Office (EASO) via Skype in order to obtain an
appointment with asylum service in order to apply for asylum / EU relocation
program / Family reunion, whereas WiFi connectivity is not guaranteed in the
camps; 3) The EASO Skype numbers are reported to be not reachable or unattended
(no answer).
·
Riots were
reported in Idomeni. The living conditions and the unavailability of clear
information are deemed to exacerbate the tension across the various ethnic
groups at the camp.
·
The ethnic
minority Yazidis is particularly vulnerable and people are negatively affected by
the lack of protection in their daily life and in their access to basic
services. In particular, they are reported to live in fear in more than one
camp, afraid to join lines in food distribution, and subject to violent attacks
by Syrian gangs at night. Police would not assist because the matter is deemed
too sensitive and political. The issue is known in Idomeni and Nea Kavala.
·
Children live in
an unsuitable and hazardous environment, exposed to diseases and infections as
well as potential abuses.
·
Women feel
increasingly unsafe.
·
Women’s health
needs are neglected. In Giannitsa, a pregnant woman ill with cancer needs
urgent assistance (March 23, 2016 ). Furthermore,
female medical doctors to be provided.
·
Birth control
devices/contraceptives are not provided.
·
Cases of
attempted suicide reported in various locations.
·
Fires spread in
more than one camp. Their nature was not always identified.
·
There are no
interpreters and people often communicate with volunteers and the military
through sign language. Furthermore, according to the UNHCR's Voulgaris,
mismatched birth dates, along with variations in the spellings of Arabic names,
have often caused delays and issues with official processes.
·
Doctors are
insufficient (absent in some camps) and the risk of infections spreading is
reported high in all the camps. In Giannitsa, the ground is infested with
larvae (March 23, 2016 ).
·
Babies are
reported born without assistance. In Elliniko camp (Attika region) a baby died
of birth complications because no assistance was provided despite several
requests raised by volunteers to take the woman in labour to the hospital.
·
Management of
camps varies greatly (military versus NGO; access to volunteers; access to
journalists and media; handling of humanitarian aids), thus unnecessarily
increasing the inherent difficulties.
·
The number of
latrines is reported insufficient for the number of people and families in most
camps, with consequent spreading of unsanitary habits and contamination of
ground and living environment.
·
The number of
water taps is reported insufficient for the number of people and families in
most camps. People shower pouring water from cans, small recipients, plastic
bottles.
As a term of reference, it is deemed
relevant to highlight that according to a report dated March 11, 2016
(including a letter by Vitsa
Dimitrios, Deputy Minister of Defense, in response to a letter by Nicholas
Kalantzi, Mayor of the Municipality of Ziros),
·
Camps are open and supervised accommodation structures. This means that the
guests/’s families have been identified in the islands, recorded at entry and
enter or leave the center based on the identification document and proof of
registration. No other refugee or Greek enters the center without the proper
license can be issued by the head of the center or the appropriate
municipality.
·
Guests refugees staying in rooms (prefabricated buildings or tents) and
food is
·
There is a permanent health unit of the Ministry of Health
·
There are interpreters from the Department of Migration Policy
·
There is refugees information service specialist clerk for children
Sanitization and cleaning of provided toilets is unclear. Agreements to be undertaken by the municipality in agreement with the manager of the center.
Sanitization and cleaning of provided toilets is unclear. Agreements to be undertaken by the municipality in agreement with the manager of the center.
2.2 Cherso
2.2.1
General
According to two
different reports, No NGO presence. Only private volunteers.
A team of about 50 volunteers are currently trying to establish an efficient and methodical goods distribution system to for clothes and toiletries. Packages per tent are being prepared based on actual needs to both provide humane support and reduce waste.
A team of about 50 volunteers are currently trying to establish an efficient and methodical goods distribution system to for clothes and toiletries. Packages per tent are being prepared based on actual needs to both provide humane support and reduce waste.
The UNHCR came a
few days ago, walked around and left. The relocation registration promised in
Idomeni by the UNHCR consists in one abandoned small white booth, forgotten in
a desolate corner of the camp, next to the military quarters’ tent. The empty
booth signals the wider fact that there is simply no one to talk to, to speak
about your options as a refugee there. And it is yet another hint that the
relocation program, however much it is spoken about, is nowhere to be found.
Cherso camp is in the middle of nowhere, secluded from any form of support,
whether humanitarian or legal.
Additional
information in the attached document, a travelogue dated March 16, 2016 :
2.2.2
Number of People at the Camp
Capacity: 4,000.
UNHCR data available on March 26, 2016 : 3,900 people.
Refugee Aid Information data available on
March 28, 2016: 3,900 people.
2.2.3
Food
Reported on
March 13, 2016 . “The food
that has been distributed there for the past days was cold and out of date.”
2,877
portions (breakfast-lunch-dinner) reported distributed on March 4, 2016.
2.2.4
Health
People do not
know how to cope with infections and infected hands resulting from contact with
infected materials and unsanitary environment. The risk of transmission of
infectious diseases is high.
Many people ill
with cold and flu.
According to
DPA, The German Red Cross, in cooperation with the Red Cross of Finland, is on
the move to come down to Idomeni with two complete field hospital units. They
will include an operating room for surgery, special facilities for giving
birth, a laboratory and a freezer room. The German Red Cross says the units
will arrive near Idomeni on March 20, 2016 (information
available on March 18 – no updates available) and will be operational in Nea
Kavala and Cherso on March 22, 2016 .
2.2.5
Water
No
information available.
2.2.6
Sanitation
20 toilets and showers.
Insufficient for the number of people, some tents were converted into
toilets.
2.2.7
Shelter
According to report dated March 4, 2016 , the camp has 510 tents with
capacity for 6-8 people and 3 rub halls.
2.2.8
Environment
1 solar panel.
The ground is reduced to mud due to the
recent bad weather.
There is trash everywhere.
2.2.9
Photographs
2.3 Diavata
2.3.1
General
Former
military facility managed by the army.
2.3.2
Number of People at the Camp
Capacity: 2,500.
UNHCR data available on March 26, 2016 : 2,280 people.
Refugee Aid Information data available on
March 28, 2016: 2,280 people.
2.3.3
Food
Two meals
per day provided by the army.
2,200
portions (breakfast-lunch-dinner) reported distributed on March 4, 2016.
2.3.4
Health
No
information available.
2.3.5
Water
Running
water available. Exact number is currently not known.
2.3.6
Sanitation
Toilets and
showers available. Exact number is currently not known.
2.3.7
Shelter
Containers
and tents.
2.3.8
Environment
Former
military facility with containers and tents.
2.3.9
Photographs
No
photographs available.
2.4 Filippiada
2.4.1
General
The camp is
located in the north west of the mainland, about 20 minutes from the nearest town.
Open facility
controlled by the military. The army appears to show openness to the presence
of volunteers at the camp (no volunteers on March 23, 2016 ).
No NGO presence
on March 23,
2016 . There is hope/expectation that UN and
Oxfam shall intervene for long-term planning and projects.
No media
presence.
Refugees receive
no information. On March 23, 2016 , many are
reported believing that FYROM border is open.
No Internet connectivity.
Needs reported:
- UNHCR presence,
- Long-term projects,
- Information point/centre,
- WiFi Internet connectivity,
- Medical personnel,
- Children’s recreation,
- More tents for miscellaneous uses (women’s area,
children’s area),
- Translators: Arabic and Farsi (a few good English
speakers among the refugees acting as interpreters on March 23, 2016 ),
- Volunteers, including experienced volunteers for
coordinating team members and taking care of the delicate relationship with the
military,
- Entertainment for children,
- Teachers,
- Clothes and shoes, especially for children,
- Laundry facilities (refugees are unable to wash
clothes),
- Garbage facilities,
- Means of transport to reach the nearest town.
2.4.2
Number of People at the Camp
Population is largely Afghan men and Syrian
families. Tensions are reported.
Vulnerable categories present: pregnant
women, children, women with children and no husband.
Cases of sexual harassment reported (March 24, 2016 : Afghan refugees against Syrian woman). Women report to feel unsafe.
Capacity: 700.
UNHCR data available on March 26, 2016 : 660 people.
Refugee Aid Information data available on
March 28, 2016: 660 people.
2.4.3
Food
Food is catered but reported insufficient.
Small portions; some people get multiple servings, some are left without food.
Remarks:
·
Empty paint tins
reported being used to boil water over open fires/makeshift ovens.
·
Limited power
sources limit the possibility of alternatives (e.g. electric kettle).
2.4.4
Health
·
Urgent need of
doctors and nurses, and especially paediatricians and midwives due to the
presence of many children and at least 10 pregnant women.
·
At the present
date, one doctor visits the camp twice a week.
·
It is required that a female doctor is available for women.
·
The head of the camp reports that vaccinations are needed for the staff
of the camp.
2.4.5
Water
Information
regarding the number of water taps is unavailable.
Drinking
water provided.
2.4.6
Sanitation
50 portable
toilets. No water in some toilets.
15 showers.
No hot
water.
Cleaning
services three times a day according to the head of the camp (Vergos); only
once a day according to the refugees.
2.4.7
Shelter
Tents require flooring as people currently
sleep on the nude ground/rocks.
No lighting in the tents.
Limited power boards for telephone
charging.
A large warehouse is present and used for
the food distribution.
2.4.8
Environment
No tables or chairs. Impaired social
interaction.
Rocky, flat
surface surrounded by land and mountains. Far from other human settlements.
Reported the presence of hazardous
materials threatening the safety of children.
2.4.9
Photographs
2.5 Giannitsa
2.5.1
General
Camp controlled by the military.
On March 23, 2016 no
volunteers’ presence.
Severe issues regarding sanitation and
hygienic conditions reported on March 23, 2016 .
Fire
reported on February 28, 2016 . Causes unknown.
2.5.2
Number of People at the Camp
Capacity: 900.
UNHCR data available on March 26, 2016 : 866 people.
Refugee Aid Information data available on
March 28, 2016: 880 people.
Vulnerable categories present: pregnant
women, children (about 50% of the population), 2 newborn, one woman pregnant with cancer in need of urgent assistance.
2.5.3
Food
Two meals
per day provided by the army.
2.5.4
Health
Overflowing waste in toilets with high risk
of spreading infections and diseases.
Insects/larvae infesting the ground area of
the tents.
2.5.5
Water
No
information available.
2.5.6
Sanitation
Overflowing waste in toilets.
2.5.7
Shelter
Tents
without flooring.
2.5.8
Environment
Insects/larvae infesting the ground area of
the tents.
Tent
flooring needed.
2.5.9
Photographs
2.6 Idomeni
2.6.1
General
The camp in
Idomeni is located approximately 20km north of Nea Kavala. The state is absent
from the camp, barring a few police officers surveying the final 100 metres
leading to the «exit gate». Various incidents were reported and the safety of
people is not guaranteed.
Police do not
allow taxis to approach the camp, thereby putting more stress on the already
exhausted people seeking the bare necessities outside of the camp. Small
fires for heating, burning wood, garbage, plastic.
UNHCR, doctors,
those preparing food and more generally all those providing all kinds of aid,
provide the only significant amount of aid (randomly distributed) to desperate,
exhausted and ill people (many of whom are elderly and small children), living
in adverse conditions.
The ethnic
minority Yazidis is particularly vulnerable and people are negatively affected
by the lack of protection in their daily life and in their access to basic
services. In particular, they are reported to live in fear, afraid to join lines
in food distribution, and subject to violent attacks by Syrian gangs at night.
2.6.2
Number of People at the Camp
Capacity: Not applicable (informal
settlement).
UNHCR data available on March 26, 2016:
11,603 people.
Refugee Aid Information data available on March
28, 2016: 11,426 people.
2.6.3
Food
Reported
insufficient. Part provided by volunteers.
2.6.4
Health
Cases of
Hepatitis A and of diarrhea were recently detected. Hepatitis A, diarrhea and
the more serious dysentery may be caused by crowding, lack of sanitation and
clean water. MSF and MDM have teams in the camp. On March 18, 2016, the German
Red Cross society declared that a mobile health station will be sent onsite to
for support. The station will be equipped to serve 10,000 people.
According to
DPA, The German Red Cross, in cooperation with the Red Cross of Finland, is on
the move to come down to Idomeni with two complete field hospital units. They
will include an operating room for surgery, special facilities for giving
birth, a laboratory and a freezer room. The German Red Cross says the units
will arrive near Idomeni on March 20, 2016 (information available on March 18 –
no updates available) and will be operational in Nea Kavala and Cherso on March
22, 2016.
According to a
report dated March 7, 2016, in the Greek daily To Vima, the
spokeswoman for the MSF refugee mission, Vika Markolefa, warns against the
danger of epidemics, “We are very concerned about the health situation. Since
there are not enough toilets and showers, many people are forced to go in the
fields. When it rains, faeces spreads everywhere. This is particularly tragic
for children, who are always playing on the ground. We fear the outbreak of an
epidemic that could spread through the water.”
Babies were
delivered at the camp. Pregnant women and people with heart condition present
at the camp.
2.6.5
Water
Reported insufficient running water taps.
People shower
pouring water from cans, small recipients, plastic bottles.
2.6.6
Sanitation
Chemical toilets are present. The exact number
of latrines is unknown, however it is reported to be insufficient for the population.
2.6.7
Shelter
No information available.
2.6.8
Environment
Few large tents with heating.
The greatest majority sleep in camping tents
(no heating) or makeshift shelters, or have no shelter.
2.6.9
Photographs
2.7 Nea Cavala/Nea Kavala
(Polykastro)
2.7.1
General
The refugee camp
in Nea Kavala, accessible through the road bordering the village, and which is
in close proximity to a supermarket, has been in operation since the end of
February 2016. It is an open structure, without restrictions on exit. It is
operated exclusively by the military, that is, there is no civilian staff from
the Ministry of Interior/Migration, which creates an issue regarding whose jurisdiction
the camp is under. The camp lies outside the Diavata-Idomeni axis (though very
close to the latter), and very few organizations visit it, so that very few
humanitarian aid materials are available. Aid not distributed following a
system, as no civilian staff is available to carry out this work. Staff present
(reported on March 5, 2016) consisted of 7 people in total, all military, and
the lieutenant in charge of the camp (who performs his duties on a shift basis)
appeared to be fully aware of his duties, responsibilities, as well as of
objective restrictions, as there is no aid, infrastructure or sufficient staff
available.
The ethnic
minority Yazidis is particularly vulnerable and people are negatively affected
by the lack of protection in their daily life and in their access to basic
services. In particular, they are reported to live in fear, afraid to join
lines in food distribution, and subject to violent attacks by Syrian gangs at
night.
2.7.2
Number of People at the Camp
Capacity: 4,000.
UNHCR data available on March 26, 2016: 3,540
people.
Refugee Aid Information data available on
March 28, 2016: 3,520 people.
2.7.3
Food
Two meals
per day provided by the army.
2,538
portions (breakfast-lunch-dinner) reported distributed on March 4, 2016.
2.7.4
Health
One doctor
based permanently at the camp.
According to
DPA, The German Red Cross, in cooperation with the Red Cross of Finland, is on
the move to come down to Idomeni with two complete field hospital units. They
will include an operating room for surgery, special facilities for giving
birth, a laboratory and a freezer room. The German Red Cross says the units
will arrive near Idomeni on March 20, 2016 (information available on March 18 –
no updates available) and will be operational in Nea Kavala and Cherso on March
22, 2016.
2.7.5
Water
No
information available.
2.7.6
Sanitation
50 portable toilets.
2.7.7
Shelter
According to report dated March 4, 2016, the
camp has 557 tents with capacity for 6-8 people and two rub halls. Tents have no
heating and are not weather-proof.
2.7.8
Environment
Some electrical lighting in certain places, but not throughout the camp.
Upon rainy weather, parts of the site (including tents) are under water.
2.7.9
Photographs
2.8 Polykastro (EKO Gas
Station)
2.8.1
General
The camp is located on the motorway, near
Polykastro exit, at the EKO gas station and in the surrounding fields.
This is an informal settlement.
Very unsafe environment due to the motorway
proximity and the lack of security.
2.8.2
Number of People at the Camp
Capacity: Not
applicable (informal settlement).
UNHCR data
available on March 26, 2016: 1,250 people.
Refugee Aid
Information data available on March 28, 2016: 1,250 people.
At least 80 pregnant women.
Many women with children and no husband.
Many families and children.
Mixed ethnicities and nationalities (Syrian, Iraqi,
Afghans) leading to potential tensions and threat to vulnerable categories.
2.8.3
Food
Reported provided by UNHCR/MSF teams present
onsite. Three meals per day. People are satisfied with quantity and quality.
Some however purchase food at the local convenience store.
2.8.4
Health
MSF tent
present onsite. The first NGO to provide support here.
2.8.5
Water
No information available. It may be assumed
that drinking water is provided with meals, but this could not be verified.
2.8.6
Sanitation
Approximately 50 portable toilets in addition
to those inside the convenience store of the gas station.
Cold shower free of charge.
Hot shower 2 euros (provided by gas station).
Gas station responsible for cleaning the site
and facilities.
Washing machines available at a charge.
2.8.7
Shelter
UNHCR and
MSF tents as well as camping tents.
2.8.8
Environment
The camp is
located in the area surrounding a gas station on the motorway (120kmh speed
limit).
Tents are
mounted on asphalt as well as on the field ground surrounding the area.
2.8.9
Photographs
2.9
Additional Camps
in Northern Greece
Limited data are available regarding the
following additional camps located in Northern Greece,
·
Drosato/Drama
o
Capacity: 500.
o
479 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
479 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Eleftheroupoli,
Kavala
People
are lodged in the Sports Hall of Eleftheroupoli, Municipality of Pangaio
o
Capacity: 200. Capacity exceeded.
o
206 people according
to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
346 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Ioannina -
Doliana
o
Capacity: 400.
o
207 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
207 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Ioannina -
Katsikas
o
Capacity: 1,500.
o
1,075 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
1,075 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Konitsa
Child and youth care centre hosting unaccompanied minors
o
Capacity: 150.
o
162 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
162 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Kozani (SW
Thessaloniki)
o
Capacity: 400.
o
176 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
188 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Nea Karvali,
Municipality of Kavala
o
Capacity: 1,000.
o
748 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
751 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Pieria -
ParaliaSkotinas beach
o
Capacity: 190.
o
190 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
190 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Pieria - Nireas camp - Kalivia Varikou
o
Capacity: 400. Capacity exceeded.
o
426 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
468 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Pieria - Nea Chrani Municipal Stadium
o
Capacity: 400.
o
97 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
151 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Thessaloniki port
o
Capacity: 400.
o
342 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
346 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
·
Veria/Veroia, Imathia
Aggressive
protests by locals reported on March 26, 2016 against the establishment of this
new camp due to receive six buses of refugees from Idomeni.
o
Capacity: 400.
o
300 people
according to UNHCR report dated March 26, 2016
o
377 people
according to Refugee Aid Information report dated March 28, 2016
In particular, additional
information regarding the above listed camps, including their management, is
currently not available.
The construction
of the following camps is reported to have been cancelled,
·
Kentriko.
3
Additional Camps in Greece Mainland
3.1
Attica - Elliniko, Athens
3.1.1
General
Set up in
mid-December 2015 by the Greek government in the area of the former airport in
the Athens suburb of Elliniko. Since the airport was shut down in 2001, the
site has mainly been used for sports events such as the 2004 Summer Olympics
and includes a hockey stadium and a baseball stadium.
3.1.2
Number of People at the Camp
Baseball camp
·
UNHCR data
available on March 26, 2016: 1,180 people.
·
Refugee Aid
Information data available on March 28, 2016: 1,186 people.
Hockey camp
·
UNHCR data
available on March 26, 2016: 1,710 people.
·
Refugee Aid
Information data available on March 28, 2016: 1,647 people.
Former airport terminal
·
UNHCR data
available on March 26, 2016: 1,431 people.
·
Refugee Aid
Information data available on March 28, 2016: 1,482 people.
3.1.3
Health
There are no doctors.
Many people are reported sick.
In course of
March 2016, a baby died of birth complications because no assistance was
provided despite several requests raised by volunteers to take the woman in
labour to the hospital.
3.1.4
Water
No water
taps
3.1.5
Sanitation
No showers,
no washrooms.
People
bathe themselves and wash their clothes at the nearby beaches, in the sea
water.
It is
reported that there is no staff to clean the toilets and that the stench is
unbearable.
3.1.6
Shelter
Ex-airport
terminal, a hockey stadium, and 150-person tents set up by the army in a
baseball stadium.
3.1.7
Environment
People
sleep on the floor/on the ground.
3.1.8
Photographs
No
photographs available.
3.2 Central Greece – Ritsona
Army Base
3.2.1
General
Located in
the area of an ex-army base.
3.2.2
Number of People at the Camp
UNHCR data available on March 26, 2016: 908
people.
Refugee Aid Information data available on
March 28, 2016: 908 people.
3.2.3
Health
No
information available.
3.2.4
Water
No running water.
3.2.5
Sanitation
No showers,
no washrooms.
Chemical
toilets.
3.2.6
Shelter
Tents.
3.2.7
Environment
No
electricity.
3.2.8
Photographs
No
photographs available.
4
Credits
4.1
Photographs and Images
Ref.
|
Credits/Source
|
Figure 1
Figure 16
Figure 19
|
Cosimo Calabrese/Open Borders - Sguardi
Migranti
Open Borders is a
collective of independent photographers whose work focus on the themes of
human migration and European borders’ opening.
|
Figure 2
Figure 17
|
Fabio Viola/Open Borders - Sguardi Migranti
Open Borders is a
collective of independent photographers whose work focus on the themes of
human migration and European borders’ opening.
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Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 7
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Credits unknown
Source: Volunteer Kilkis Idomeni
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Figure 5
Figure 20
Figure 21
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Live Ticker Eidomeni
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Figure 6
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Damian Mac Con Uladh
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Figure 8
Figure 9
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Katie O'Neill
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Figure 10
Figure 11
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Credits unknown
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Figure 12
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Jim Fragma
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Figure 13
Figure 14
Figure 15
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Figure 18
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Björn Kietzmann
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Research - compilation of the material for Pleiades: Simona Bonardi
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